How to configure test target in Xcode

Issue #478

This applies to

• Main targets
  • App
  • Framework
• Test targets
  • Unit tests
  • UI tests

Examples

Dependencies used

• Main target: Sugar
• Test target: Nimble, Quick

Examples

• Cocoapods
• Carthage

Notes

• Make sure test target can link to all the frameworks it needs. This includes frameworks that Test targets use, and possibly frameworks that Main target uses !
• Remember to “Clean Build Folder” and “Clear Derived Data” so that you’re sure it works. Sometimes Xcode caches.

Errors

Errors occur mostly due to linker error

• Test target X encountered an error (Early unexpected exit, operation never finished bootstrapping - no restart will be attempted
• Framework not found

Cocoapods

1. Pod

Test targets need to include pods that Main target uses !

or we’ll get “Framework not found”

def app_pods
	pod 'Sugar', '~> 1.0'
end

def test_pods
	pod 'Nimble', '~> 3.2'
	pod 'Quick', '~> 0.9'
end

target 'TeaApp' do
	app_pods
end

target 'TeaAppTests' do
	app_pods
	test_pods
end

target 'TeaAppUITests' do
	app_pods
	test_pods
end

2. Link Binaries with Library

Cocoapods builds a framework that contains all the frameworks the Test targets need, and configure it for us

3. Runpath Search Paths

• Go to Test target Build Settings
• Add $(FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS)

Carthage

1. Cartfile

We usually have

• Cartfile for Main target

github "hyperoslo/Sugar" ~> 1.0

• Cartfile.private for Test target

github "Quick/Nimble"
github "Quick/Quick"

2. Link Binaries with Libraries

• Go to Test target build phase
• Drag built frameworks from Carthage/Build
• In rare case, we need to drag frameworks that the Main target uses
• In rare case, we need to drag the Main target framework

3. Framework Search Paths

Configure correct path

• Go to Test target Built Settings
• Configure Framework Search Paths

4. Runpath Search Paths

• Go to Test target Build Settings
• Add $(FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS)

5. Copy Files (maybe)

From Adding frameworks to unit tests or a framework

In rare cases, you may want to also copy each dependency into the build product (e.g., to embed dependencies within the outer framework, or make sure dependencies are present in a test bundle). To do this, create a new “Copy Files” build phase with the “Frameworks” destination, then add the framework reference there as well.

Runpath Search Paths and Install name

Question

• Why preconfigured run path “@executable_path/Frameworks” and “@loader_path/Frameworks” not work?
• Why configuring runpath to “$(FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS)” works ?
• Why framework has install name “@rpath/Sugar.framework/Sugar” ?

Reference

• Run-Path Dependent Libraries
• Linking and Install Names

Code

• https://github.com/onmyway133/TestTarget
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34990175/test-target-x-encountered-an-error-early-unexpected-exit-operation-never-finis/36343395#36343395